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M.A & M.Sc in Geography After Graduation: Full Guide for Career and Admission

Careers in government, GIS, and research are available with an M.A. and M.Sc. in geography.
UniList Desk

Updated Dec 7, 2025 | 06:15 PM IST
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Geography matters because it shows how our planet works, including its weather, terrain, human activities and natural systems. After completing their degree, many learners pursue either an M.A in Geography or an M.Sc. These courses lead to opportunities in education, scientific research, environmental management, urban design and various public sector roles. Such programmes attract learners who want to explore natural patterns and social change.
This guide explains what the course includes, who can join, the career paths available and which government colleges are best for these studies.

Difference Between M.A and M.Sc in Geography

M.A in Geography
An M.A focuses on how people interact with places, examines nature-related themes, studies population patterns, explores city development and considers society’s influence on spaces.
It is suitable for learners who have completed a B.A in Geography or a related field. Common topics include:
  • Human Geography
  • Urban and Regional Planning
  • Economic Geography
  • Population Geography
  • Geography of Resources
  • Environmental Geography
Learning involves classroom teaching, field practice and introductory training in GIS tools.
M.Sc in Geography
An M.Sc emphasises physical geography, scientific tools and GIS, along with remote sensing and quantitative techniques.
It is ideal for learners with a background in geography, geology, environmental studies or related science subjects. Main topics include:
  • Geomorphology
  • Climatology
  • Oceanography
  • Remote Sensing
  • GIS and GPS
  • Biogeography
  • Hydrology
The M.Sc involves laboratory work, map interpretation and extensive use of scientific equipment.
Both pathways improve employability. The M.Sc has a stronger practical and technical focus, while the M.A concentrates on concepts and theoretical understanding.

Eligibility Criteria

  • An undergraduate degree in Geography or a related field.
  • At least 50 per cent marks, although requirements may vary by institution.
  • Some colleges prefer applicants who have studied geography as a major subject.
  • Admission is based on entrance tests or academic record, depending on the university.
Common entrance exams for public colleges include:
  • CUET PG
  • DUET (used earlier)
  • JNU Entrance Test
  • BHU PG Entrance Test

Course Duration and Structure

Both the M.A and M.Sc in Geography are two-year postgraduate programmes.
They generally include:
  • Classroom lectures
  • Field surveys
  • Map interpretation and analysis
  • GIS and Remote Sensing practicals
  • A research project or dissertation
Many colleges also offer specialisations such as:
  • Geoinformatics
  • Disaster Management
  • Urban Planning
  • Environmental Geography
  • Agricultural Geography

Skills Students Gain

Learners typically develop:
  • Map reading and spatial analysis
  • GIS and Remote Sensing skills
  • Research methods
  • Spatial data handling
  • Field survey techniques
  • Understanding of weather systems and landform processes
These skills are useful in public sector roles, planning departments and research organisations.

Career Opportunities After M.A or M.Sc in Geography

Graduates can work in both public and private organisations. Common roles include:
  • GIS Analyst
  • Cartographer
  • Remote Sensing Specialist
  • Research Officer
  • Environmental Consultant
  • Urban Planner
  • Disaster Management Specialist
  • Land Survey Officer
  • Climatology Assistant
Government agencies that hire geography graduates include:
  • ISRO
  • National Remote Sensing Centre
  • Geological Survey of India
  • India Meteorological Department
  • Forest Departments
  • Town and Country Planning Departments
  • Census of India
  • Survey of India
Some learners pursue teaching after completing higher studies such as a doctorate, while others join research projects or academic institutions.

Top Government Colleges for M.A and M.Sc Geography

Well-known public universities offering these courses include:
  • University of Delhi
  • Jawaharlal Nehru University
  • Banaras Hindu University
  • Aligarh Muslim University
  • University of Hyderabad
  • Jadavpur University, Kolkata
  • Pondicherry University
  • University of Madras
  • Gauhati University
  • University of Kashmir
Careers in government, GIS, and research are available with an M.A. and M.Sc. in geography.These universities offer affordable fees, experienced faculty and strong laboratory facilities.
M A and M Sc degrees in Geography provide clear routes into environmental work, urban planning, research and geospatial technology. The curriculum blends theory with fieldwork, including visits to real-world sites.
With rising demand for GIS skills, satellite image analysis and earth science knowledge, graduates can find opportunities in government departments, educational institutions and urban development projects. Studying at a leading public university strengthens practical abilities and supports better career prospects.

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